Horse-power



j increasing the length of the arms or levers to which the power or force is to be applied,

" wheels and shafts in transferring power to county, State of North Carolina, at present lhave invented a new and useful Improve- `separated and thus rendered more convenheavy timber of two or more inches in thick-` UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEioE.

WILLIAM RUSSELL PALMER, OF ELIZABETH CITY,`NORTH CAROLINA.

HORSEfPOWER.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 11,328, dated July 18, 1854.

T0 all whom t may concern;

Be it known that I, WILLIADLRUSSELL PALMER, of Elizabeth City, Pasquotank residing in the city and State of New York,

ment in Machines for the Application of Horse-Power, which I designate as Pah mers Improved Horse-Power; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of my said invention and machine, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, andto the letters of reference marked thereon, andwhich form a part of this specification.

The principal features of my. invention or machine, by which it is distinguished from horse powers ordinarily in use are, that I am enabled tosecure a much greater length of lever or arm, to which power a force is to be applied, than is usually secured in other horse powers; and my machine or horse power is so constructed `that two or three or more bands can be attached to and worked with it` at the same time, and thus motion be applied at one and the same time to diEerent machinery, and my horse power is also so constructed, that its different parts can easily and readily be taken apart or ient for transportation or carriage, or for stowage, and that it can also be made much cheaper than ordinary machines for a similar purpose.

` The nature `of my invention consists in thus rendering the power applied much more eective by 'means of the leverage obtained, and in applying power or imparting motion to any machinery from the ends of the long arms by means of a band or bands. playing in points of support attached to the ends of such arms, in this manner being able touse the power at the best advantage, and superseding the necessity and` use of cog the movement of machinery.

To enable others to make and use my invention and machine I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.`

The centralframe work CZ, d, of my? horse power,`and in which `the upright shaft or spindle Z revolves, &c., `I make of strong ness and about six feet long, a foot and a" half wide and two feet high. The bottom i tise and tenon joints to heavy b'ed sills by which the machine is secured to any place for working purposes. In the center of this bottompiece, is placed an iron plate with a socket upon which thesha-ft Z, rests and revolves, and which also passes through an iron box fitted in the upper side piece of the same. The spindle is about 2% inches in diameter and extends above the frame work a couple of feet, `to which part is -attached the arms or levers a, a, a, and their supporters b, b, b; and it is retained in its proper position in its boxes bymeans of'a journal turned in it, into which the upper box, which j `may be varied according to circumstances;

and from six to seven inches wide at their outer end and live inches at the end attached to the support p. They should be made "of strong inch and a half stu, (when made of wood) and have also a rib or stay, `of about the same thickness, of about one third their l width and running along upon their upper sides, t-o give greater strength and prevent sagging. At about two thirds the distance, from the spindle or shaft to the ends of the arms, braces 0, o, 0, stretch from one arm or lever to another, from the point of junction of which iron rods or supports b, b, Z7, extend from each arm or leverf to the` shaft, to which they are fastened or hooked and secured by means of a plate p, p. This plate p p is attached near the` top of the shaft or spindle, so as to give as much purchase as possible to the supports F9, The plate p may also be made of a much larger diameter, say from eight to ten feet, in l shorter actual length *may be used, and still the whole distance or length of lever, measured from the central shaft to the circum- `ference, be preserved. This plate or wheel may also be made oftwo or three parts, so

that when necessary, or more convenient for carriage, it may be taken to pieces. In the case of the use of a wheel of such large diameter, it will also require to be supported on its under side, by arms extending from the shaft toward the circumference of the wheel or plate.

At the ends of the arms or levers are attached one or more strong iron pins or stops c, c. These are bent as represented in the drawings and are intended to be made .Y square as to .the part which passes into thelever, while the other part should be left round, and they should be of sufficient length to allow them to pass well into or through the arms and project two or three inches on the out-side. These pins enter the arms near their ends and at the sides of the ribs or stays fastened to the arms, at an angle of aboutthirty degrees, so that whenever a band or cord is ymade to pass between any one of these pins and the arm in which it is inserted= it is made to take a short bend or turn between the rib and the pin and is thereby prevented from moving or slipping in the smallest degree, but is kept and retained as securely and rmly as if held by cogs and wheels, and power or motion is as easily and effectually transferred therefrom as from a shaft worked by means of cogs.

I am aware that pins have been used in machinery for the purpose of furnishing a support for revolving belts or bands, but in such eases the pins have either been inserted at right angles to the surface of the part in which they were fixed, in which case there was nothing` to prevent the slipping of the bands, or else, in cases where the pins have been fixed at an acute anglethere has been no arrangement or contrivance similar to the rib ory stay, above described, so that in such case the band played in a V shaped groove, which also offered but little resistance to the slipping of the band. But from the shape which I give my lever with its rib and the position in which the pin c, is placed, the band is wholly prevented from slipping, and thus one great objection to the use of bands and belts obviated. Instead however of attaching the pins c, c, to the arm or lever, in the manner before described I sometimes attach to the under side of the lever a piece of metal split and forked as represented by the extra arm, illustrated by the drawing at A, and B.

. By the use of this device the band receives the same bend or turn as in the contrivance before described, and where a single band only is required, I generally prefer this arrangement. Where three bands are desired v this arrangement becomes peculiarly desirable, as that part of the metal whichis fastened to the under side of the arm or lever, fills the place of and performs the part of a horse power over a pulley o, which moves av large wheel w, from which motion is come municated to any required machinery. The pulley o, is conical in shape usually made up of three or more whose diameters are about as 1 to 2 so that by changing the band 1yr, from one of these pulleys to the other, a different speed may be given to w, and through it to the desired machinery. The wheel fw, isalso constructed, so that while it serves to communicate motion to the machinery, it also at the Sametime acts as a fiy wheel, equalizing the mot-ion and accumulating power. The peculiar construction of the wheel is shown: On one side of the shaft or hub is attached the conical pulley v and to the other side similar pulleys may be attached if desired, Ior it may beleft free, to furnish a support for braces, should any be necessary, to steady the wheel, or prevent a tendency to swerve from a steady motion because of its rapid revo-lution. The periphery of the wheel is made very heavy, as in ordinary fly wheels, for the purpose of the equilization and accumulation of power. The spokes are attached to the sides ,of the periphery instead of .to the center, so as to be easily detached when the wheel is'taken to pieces for transportation; they are also made broad to give greater strength, and have their broad surfaces parallel to the plane of the wheels revolution, so as to offer as little resistance as possible to the air. To decrease friction, and makey most available the power accumulated in thevfly wheel, motion is transmitted by means of a round band, playing in a groove upon the periphery of the wheel. This groove I prefer havingon the same side of the wheel as that to which the spokes are attached. The various parts of the wheel w, and of the frame work supporting it areto be so constructed, that they can be separated, and put into a small compass forv transportation or storage.

The band r, after it leaves the levers passes around a cylinderv n, made with various grooves to receive the band, and thence over for the passage of the band r, one above the other, the lower one of which is permanent,

while the upper one may be passed nearer f and the small cylinder m, the pulley o, and

the wheel w is so placed in position, in respe'ct to the horse power thatthe band r, is

made to passfaround the cylinder n, and the pulley o, at nearly right angles with the line y of direction it has when it leaves the arms or levers a, a, while it passes from the pulley o, into the points of support on the ends of the arms or levers, in a straight line. In this mannerthe band r, is made to act with the greatest power when passing onto the pulley o, while it passes from off this pulley to the arms easily and without friction.

The grooves in the pulleys o, and indeed all the grooves in any part of my machine, in which bands are intended to play, I construct in `a new and peculiar manner, so that any decrease in the size of the band from wear or stretch makes no difference in the hug of the band to the groove in which `it plays. It is well known that round bands playing in grooved pulleys, after they have been used, become smaller by wear or stretch,

and then are very liable to slip, because they do not suiiciently hug the groove. To remove this liability and prevent this result, I make the width of the groove on the surface or circumference of the pulley more than double the width at the bottom and the side surfaces of the groove are also cut down in a straight line and do not meet together at the bottom. The groove is thus made nearly of the following shape U, the plan I have above described being illustrated by the rst and third ones of the series. With a pulley grooved after this fashion, a band or cord may be used at first, of a diameter nearly equal to the surface width of the groove, and as this band becomes reduced in size, either by wear or stretch, it still continues to hug as tightly the sides of the groove, (though having sunk deeper into -the groove,) and `liability of slipping is or band and thereby preventing the slipping thereof as herein set forth.

W'. RUSSELL PALMER.

Witnesses:

S. D. LAW, HALL CoLBY. 

